Primary Source Translations

Often on this blog, we translate primary sources for 9th-11th century France and its neighbours into English, and it occured to me that it might be useful if I put them all together. So here they are, in chronological order of production:

700, circa: a guide on the subject of rhetorically praising a city.

795, March: a diploma of Charlemagne in favour of one John, granting property in the Spanish March.

800, very approximately: an early medieval love letter.

800, plus or minus a couple of decades either side: a series of manuscript annotations edited together by Pertz as the Annals of St Peter of Cologne.

807: a letter addressed, perhaps from Charlemagne, to Archbishop Arn of Salzburg asking for gifts to give to Abbasid envoys.

811, beginning of the year: a letter from Charlemagne to Emperor Nicephorus I.

813, beginning of the year: a letter from Charlemagne to Emperor Michael I.

813, November 11th: a letter from Pope Leo II to Charlemagne concerning North Africa.

819, March 7th: a charter of Einhard freeing a slave and making him a Roman citizen.

820, approximately: extracts from the Chronicle of Moissac concerning affairs in al-Andalus.

827: the Breviary of Erchembert.

829: the canons of the Council of Paris about kingship.

841, September 1st: a diploma of Lothar I confirming the rights of the Venetians within his kingdom.

847/848?: a letter of Pope Leo IV to the Frankish army promising a heavenly reward to any who die fighting the Saracens.

850, very approximately: the Bavarian Geographer’s description of the cities of eastern Europe.

853, November: the Treaty of Valenciennes between Charles the Bald and Emperor Lothar I.

854, February: the Treaty of Liège between Charles the Bald and Emperor Lothar I.

857, March 1st: the Treaty of Saint-Quentin between Charles the Bald and Lothar II.

859, June 14th: Charles the Bald’s accusations of treachery against Archbishop Wanilo of Sens.

860, circa [??? if not, early ninth century]: a set of chapters concerning inheritance law and filial rebellion, possibly addressed to Charles the Bald.

860, circa: a mass from Saint-Martin of Tours praying for God’s help against barbarian persecution.

869, April 17th: a charter of  King Salomon of Brittany in favour of the abbey of Plélan.

871/872: the Poem on the Captivity of Emperor Louis, describing how Louis II of Italy was captured by Beneventans.

877: Archbishop Hincmar of Rheims’ Ordo to crown King Louis the Stammerer. 

877, January 6th: a diploma of Charles the Bald in favour of Saint-Bénigne of Dijon.

877, 5th May: a diploma of Charles the Bald endowing the abbey of Notre-Dame of Carlopolis.

878, 18th August: an interpolated (perhaps forged) papal diploma of John VIII in favour of the abbey of Saint-Gilles, issued at the Synod of Troyes.

878, December: a letter of John VIII to Louis the Stammerer.

879, July 25th: a charter of Boso of Provence in favour of the abbey of Montiéramey.

879, October 15th: the records of the Convention of Mantaille, electing Boso of Provence as king.

879, November 8th: a diploma of Boso of Provence in favour of the church of Autun.

880, November 30th: a diploma of Carloman II in favour of the church of Autun.

881: the Continuatio Erchemberti by Notker the Stammerer.

881, June 5th: a diploma of Carloman II in favour of Saint-Gondon-sur-Loire, a cell of the community of Saint-Florent.

882, August 8th: a diploma of Carloman II in favour of Archdeacon Otbert of Langres.

882, November 4th: a diploma of Charles the Fat confirming an exchange made between Archdeacon Otbert of Langres and Guy of Spoleto.

883, January 23rd: a diploma of Carloman II in favour of the abbey of Alfa.

884, March: the last-ever Carolingian capitulary, issued by Carloman II at Ver, and targetted at thieves.

884, March 13th: a diploma of Carloman II in favour of the church of Châlons-sur-Marne.

885, May 20th: a diploma of Charles the Fat in favour of the church of Langres.

885, December 3rd: a charter of Hugh the Abbot freeing a slave and making him a Roman citizen.

886, October 27th: a diploma of Charles the Fat confirming an exchange between Saint-Aignan of Orléans and the brothers Archbishop Adalald of Tours and Bishop Raino of Angers.

887, May 18th: a charter from the synod of Saint-Marcel-lès-Chalon in favour of the church of Langres.

888: the Ordo to crown the first non-Carolingian West Frankish king, Odo.

888, June 10th: a royal diploma of King Rudolph I of Transjurane Burgundy granting the abbey of Romainmôtier to his sister Adele, duchess of ducal Burgundy.

889, June 13th: a royal diploma of King Odo confirming the lands of the abbey of Solignac.

890: a notice of an assembly at Varennes where Queen Ermengard of Provence restored the cell of Baume to the abbey of Gigny.

890, August: the record of the election at Arles of Louis the Blind as king of Provence.

891, probably: a letter from Count Aribo, on the Moravian March, to Arnulf of Carinthia reporting on frontier developments.

891, July: a grant from the Council of Meung-sur-Loire confirming the free election of abbots in the abbey of Saint-Pierre-le-Vif in Sens.

892, June 13th: a charter describing the brothers of Saint-Martin reclaiming some of their estates in front of Robert of Neustria.

893, November 9th: a charter of Abbess Ava granting the estate of Cluny to Duke William the Pious of Aquitaine.

894, circa: a letter of Archbishop Fulk of Rheims to Emperor Arnulf of Carinthia justifying his rebellion against King Odo.

894, May 1st: a synodal charter wherein Bishop Walo of Autun exonerates Prior Girfred of Flavigny of the murder of his predecessor Bishop Adalgar.

895, August 14th: a royal diploma of Zwentibald of Lotharingia granting land to the abbey of Saint-Mihiel.

896, January 22nd: a royal diploma of Zwentibald of Lotharingia granting land to Saint-Denis’ priory of Salonnes.

896, July 25th: a royal diploma of Charles the Simple granting land to Saint-Denis’ priory of Salonnes.

898, February 8th: a royal diploma of Charles the Simple extending the immunity of the abbey of Saint-Denis.

898, February 13th: a royal diploma of Charles the Simple granting land to the abbey of Saint-Mihiel.

898, May 23rd: a notice describing the settlement of a dispute between Bishop Agilard of Nîmes and one Rostagnus.

899, May: a letter from Pope John IX to the church of Langres confirming the reinstatement of Bishop Argrim.

899, May 11th: a letter from Pope John IX to Charles the Simple asking him to help Bishop Argrim of Langres.

900, circa: a royal charter of King Alan the Great of Brittany granting the abbey of Saint-Serge to Saint-Aubin d’Angers.

900, circa: the Erdmann Ordo, a late Carolingian king-making liturgy.

900, September 13th: a charter of Robert of Neustria restoring property to his abbey of Saint-Martin de Tours.

900, October 31st: a royal diploma of Charles the Simple confirming the property of the abbey of Saint-Évroult.

901, April 22nd: a royal diploma of Charles the Simple granting property to the abbey of Saint-Germain d’Auxerre.

902, November 11th: a royal diploma of Louis the Blind granting property to Bernard and Theobert.

903, May 14th: a charter of Count Ebalus Manzer of Poitiers restoring property to the abbey of Nouaillé.

903, June 5th: a royal diploma of Charles the Simple confirming the possessions of the abbey of Saint-Denis.

903, June 24th: a royal diploma of Louis the Child confirming the privileges of the abbey of Sankt Gallen.

904, June 3rd: a charter of Bishop Argrim of Langres granting the church of Saint-Vincent to his archdeacon Rather.

905, December 17th: a royal diploma of Charles the Simple granting land in Pîtres to his chancellor Ernust.

906, September 7th: a royal diploma of Charles the Simple confirming an exchange of property between Robert of Neustria and his abbey of Saint-Amand.

906, September 24th: a charter of Robert of Neustria making an exchange with his abbey of Saint-Amand.

906, September 24th: a charter of the monks of Saint-Amand making an exchange with their abbot Robert of Neustria.

907, April 19th: a royal diploma of Charles the Simple granting a dowry to his new wife Frederuna.

907, May 21st: a royal diploma of Charles the Simple granting the abbey of Rebais to Paris cathedral.

908, June 23rd: a notice describing how a dispute over property between the canons of Marmoutier was settled at court in Tours.

909, November 9th: a royal diploma of Louis the Child confirming the property of Chèvremont.

910, May 12th: a ducal diploma of William the Pious confirming an exchange of property between Erlebald the priest and the abbey of Saint-Julien de Brioude.

911, December 20th: a royal diploma of Charles the Simple confirming the property of Cambrai cathedral.

912: a notice describing Louis the Blind’s settlement of a dispute between Hugh of Arles and the church of Valence.

913, August 13th: a royal diploma of Charles the Simple granting the cathedral of Trier the right to freely elect their archbishops.

913, October 30th: a notice describing how William the Pious settled a disputed over the estate of Ainé in favour of Cluny.

914: a letter from Pope John X advising Archbishop Heriveus of Rheims how to deal with Northmen who apostatised.

915: a synodal act from the councl of Saint-Marcel-lès-Chalon settling a dispute between two priests.

915: an Early Modern summary of an act of the council of Saint-Marcel-lès-Chalon excommunicating Count Raculf [sic] of Mâcon.

916, May 2nd: a charter of Bishop Fulcher of Avignon granting land to the church of Avignon.

917, February 14th: a royal diploma of Charles the Simple executing the last wishes of his late wife Frederuna in favour of Compiègne.

918, March 14th: a royal diploma of Charles the Simple granting the abbey of Croix-Saint-Ouen to Saint-German-des-Prés.

918, May 18th: a charter of Richard the Justiciar restoring some land to Langres Cathedral.

919, June 13th: a royal diploma of Charles the Simple restoring the abbey of Sint-Servaas in Maastricht to the church of Trier.

919, July 9th: a royal diploma of Charles the Simple restoring the abbey of Sint-Servaas in Maastricht to the church of Trier.

920, very approximately: the so-called Cartularium Radbodi, a property inventory from the church of Utrecht.

920: a round letter from Charles the Simple to the bishops of his realm concerning the disputed episcopal election at Liège.

921, April 22nd: a royal diploma of Charles the Simple confirming the rights of the abbey of Saint-Maur-des-Fossés.

922, circa: a charter of Countess Adelaide of Burgundy to Chalon Cathedral.

923, January 25th: a royal diploma of Robert of Neustria granting estates to the abbey of Saint-Denis.

924, April 6th: a royal diploma of Ralph of Burgundy confirming the rights of the abbey of Saint-Martin-d’Autun.

925, circa: a royal diploma of Louis the Blind in favour of his follower Bonus.

925, circa: the will of Archdeacon Ingelbert of Cahors.

926, May 21st/29th: a notice describing how the canons of Saint-Martin reclaimed some of their estates in Poitou.

927, September 9th: a royal diploma of Ralph of Burgundy confirming the rights and property of Cluny.

927, October 11th: a charter of Acfred of Aquitaine refounding the abbey of Sauxillanges.

928: a charter of Gislebert of Lotharingia setting up a precarial exchange with Trier Cathedral.

928, November: a royal diploma of Hugh of Arles in favour of the abbey of Saint-Oyen-de-Joux.

929, June 14th: a charter of Adelaide of Burgundy granting the abbey of Romainmôtier to Cluny.

930, May 3rd: a notice of how the canons of Saint-Martin de Tours reclaimed one of their estates from Hugh the Great.

931, circa: a charter of Bishop Godeschalk of Puy and others executing the will of Duke William the Younger of Aquitaine.

931, December 13th [? if not probably 933, September 13th]: a royal diploma of Ralph of Burgundy in favour of the abbey of Tulle.

932: a round letter of Rudolph II of Transjurane Burgundy ordering the appointment of several new bishops in his kingdom.

934 [or maybe 933], March 8th: a royal diploma of Hugh of Arles in favour of the abbey of Cluny.

935, circa: the Ordo of Seven Forms, a liturgy for king making from the earlier part of the tenth century.

935, circa: a fragment of a lost history about Duke Arnulf the Bad of Bavaria.

935, circa: a letter of Abbot Alberic of Saint-Bénigne in Dijon to Pope John XI.

935, circa: a letter of Abbot Alberic of Saint-Bénigne to Alberic, patrician of Rome.

936, June 24th: a royal diploma of Hugh of Arles grating 700 manses to his nephew Hugh the Cisalpine.

936, July 21st: a royal diploma of Louis IV in favour of the cathedral of Autun.

936, August 28th: a charter of Prior Cunebert of Brioude donating his foundation at Chanteuges to that abbey.

936, September 1st : a charter of Hugh the Black in favour of the abbey of Saint-Symphorien d’Autun.

936, December 25th: a diploma of Louis IV restoring some land taken by Bishop Rothard of Meaux to the canons of Compiègne.

937, February 1st: a royal diploma of Louis IV renewing the precarial grant of Saint-Merri in Paris to one John and his family.

937/938: a charter of Bishop Godeschalk of Le Puy confirming the reformation of the abbey of Saint-Chaffre.

938, January 9th: a charter of the canons of the cathedral of Autun in favour of Enguerrand, a vassal of Count Gilbert of Chalon.

939, May: a charter of Archbishop Theotolo of Tours freeing Elias, priest of Saint-Mexme, from episcopal dues.

940, 14th Feburary: a diploma of Louis IV granting land in Porthois to Adalard and Adele at the request of Hugh the Black.

941, July 8th: a charter of Arnulf the Great, count of Flanders, confirming the restoration of the abbey of Blandijnberg in Ghent.

941, August: a notice of the settlement of a dispute between Tesmund the priest and Isembert after the failure of a trial by combat.

941, December 5th: a diploma of Louis IV confirming the goods of the abbey of Chanteuges.

942, January: a charter of William Towhead, count of Poitiers, granting land to a man named Hosdren and his wife Aldesind.

942, January 5th: a diploma of Louis IV confirming the estates of the abbey of Saint-Hilaire de Poitiers.

942, January 7th: a diploma of Louis IV endorsing William III of Poitiers’ reform of the abbey of Saint-Jean-d’Angély.

943, June 27th: a judgement of Conrad the Pacific against Charles Constantine of Vienne.

945, October 7th: a charter of Bishop Stephen II of Clermont founding the cell of Saint-Germain-Lembron and placing it under the authority of Brioude.

946, June 19th: a charter of Hugh the Great granting the fisc of Ingré to the cathedral of Notre-Dame de Chartres.

946, July 1st: a diploma of Louis IV granting land in the Mâconnais to Cluny.

946, July 1st: a diploma of Louis IV granting land in the Lyonnais to Cluny.

946, July 1st: a diploma of Louis IV granting Charlieu to Cluny.

947, April 18th: a diploma of Otto the Great granting land to the church of Chèvremont.

948, September: a charter of Archbishop Manasses of Arles granting land to Cluny.

949, October 1st: a diploma of Louis IV confirming the reformation of the abbey of Homblières.

949, November 10th: a diploma of Louis IV confirming the reformation of the abbey of Saint-Martin d’Autun.

950, approximately: a charter of Stephen II of Clermont placing Sauxillanges under the authority of Cluny.

950, approximately: a charter of Sobbo surrendering Charlieu to the abbey of Cluny.

950, very approximately: a charter resolving a dispute between the canons of Brioude and their lay abbot Viscount Dalmatius II.

951, February 3rd: a royal diploma of Louis IV confirming the authority of Cluny over Sauxillanges.

952, January: a charter of Charles Constantine of Vienne granting land to Cluny.

952, September 9th: a royal diploma of Otto the Great in favour of Saint-Remi in Rheims.

953, March 27th: a royal diploma of Louis IV in favour of Saint-Remi in Rheims.

954 or 955: a royal diploma of King Lothar in favour of Witlenc and his sons concerning land in Burgundy.

955, June: a charter of Stephen and his wife Ermentrude in favour of Cluny, confirmed afterwards at an assembly by Stephen II of Clermont and William Towhead of Poitiers.

956, approximately: a notice from the priory of Perrecy describing the men of Chaunois fighting those of the Auvergne, and the donations made to Perrecy by the leaders of the Chaunois force.

958, circa: a charter of William Towhead of Aquitaine to a monk named Badin.

958, or less likely 957: a charter of the nobleman Ragembald in favour of the abbey of Gorze.

958, June 16th: a charter of the nobleman Ragembald in favour of the abbey of Saint-Arnoul de Metz.

958, September: a charter describing a judgement of Bishop Stephen II of Clermont.

958, September: a charter describing a grant of rights to Saint-Florent de Saumur by Theobald the Trickster and other Neustrian and Breton magnates.

958, November 7th: a diploma of King Lothar confirming the property of Tournus, later confirmed by his wife Emma II and son Louis V.

959: a charter of Archbishop Amblard of Lyon granting land to Limoges Cathedral.

959, April 25th: a diploma of Queen Gerberga granting land to the abbey of Homblières.

960, circa: the so-called ‘Romano-German Pontifical”s coronation liturgy.

960, circa: the will of Count Raymond III of Toulouse.

960, circa: a letter in the name of Count Arnulf the Great of Flanders addressed to Archbishop Dunstan of Canterbury, asking for his intercession with the English king.

960, circa: a diploma of Conrad the Pacific confirming the estates of the abbey of Saint-Chaffre.

961, October 5th: a diploma of King Lothar confirming the last wishes of his relative Count Hugh.

962, circa: a genealogy of Count Arnulf the Great of Flanders written by Witger the priest.

963, January 6th: a diploma of King Lothar confirming a grant by Arnulf the Great to the abbey of Homblières.

964, August (recte early 970s): an interpolated diploma of King Edgar granting land in England to Blandijnberg.

965, June 2nd: a charter of Bishop Heraclius of Liège founding the abbey of Publémont.

965, October: the will of Archbishop Bruno of Cologne.

966, January 17th: a diploma of Otto the Great confirming an exchange between Immo of Chèvremont and the clerics of Aachen.

966, May 5th: a diploma of King Lothar confirming the estates of Sint-Baafs in Ghent.

966, June 19th: a charter of Geoffrey Grisegonelle reforming the abbey of Saint-Aubin d’Angers.

967, March: a charter of Gerard, a canon of Saint-Martin, granting land to that abbey.

967, August 16th: a charter of Abbot John of Saint-Arnoul confirming the dues of the people of the estate of Morville.

968, February 10th: a diploma of Queen Gerberga granting land to the abbey of Saint-Remi.

968, March 18th: a charter of Richard the Fearless restoring Berneval to the abbey of Saint-Denis.

969, April 11th: a notice of a gift of Dirk of Holland to Blandijnberg.

969, April 13th: a diploma of Lothar in favour of Dirk of Holland.

970: a letter of Abbot Caesarius of Montserrat defending his claim to be archbishop of Tarragona.

971, May 23rd: a charter of Bishop Auriscand of Vannes granting land to Saint-Aubin.

972, circa: the will of Countess Gersindis of Toulouse (the orthography of whose name I have yet to settle on).

972, January 31st: an interpolated charter of Arnulf II of Flanders in favour of Blandijnberg.

972, February 29th: a charter of Bishop Nefingus of Angers in favour of the abbey of Saint-Aubin.

973, circa: a charter of Abbess Ermengard of Sainte-Croix de Poitiers granting property to Geoffrey Grisegonelle.

974: a diploma of King Lothar conceding forest rights to Sainte-Colombe in Sens.

974: a diploma of King Lothar confirming property for Saint-Riquier.

974: a diploma of King Lothar confirming the immunity of Fleury.

975, January 19th: a forged diploma of King Lothar conceding property of Viscount Arbert of Thouars.

975, September 8th: a charter of Adalelm the knight granting land and a silver crucifix to Fleury.

976, circa: a charter of Bishop Aimo of Valence excommunicating one Achard.

977: an interpolated charter of Bishop Hildegar of Limoges in favour of the abbey of Uzerche.

978, February: a charter of Odo I of Blois-Chartres-Tours confirming the immunity of Saint-Florent de Saumur.

978, March: a charter of Bishop Natrand of Nevers granting land to the cathedral church of Nevers.

978, March 1st: a notice describing the consecration of the abbey of Saint-Hilaire under Roger the Old of Carcassonne.

979: a diploma of Louis V confirming the immunity of Fleury.

979: a joint diploma of Lothar and Louis V granting and confirming property to the cathedral church of Paris.

979: a notice of a no-longer surviving royal diploma from Lothar in favour of Blandijnberg.

979, May: a papal letter of Benedict VII confirming the goods and rights of Saint-Hilaire.

979, June 9th: a diploma of Louis V confirming the property of the cathedral church of Orléans.

979, August 6th: a charter of Liutgard of Chartres and her friend Godeleva granting land to the abbey of Saint-Père de Chartres.

980, circa: the Ratold Ordo, an Anglo-Saxon influenced liturgy for making a king.

980: a charter of Heribert the Elder granting Vauciennes to Montier-en-Der.

980: a diploma of King Lothar confirming Heribert’s grant to Montier-en-Der.

980, October 15th: a diploma of Otto II confirming the property of Saint-Denis.

981, August: a charter of Roger the Old of Carcassonne and his wife Adelaide for the abbey of Saint-Hilaire.

983, circa: a charter of Guy of Auvergne granting a church to the priory of Sauxillanges.

984, August 17th: a charter of Abbot Ermenfred of Gorze confirming the dues owed by the inhabitants of Bruoch.

984, November 1st: a charter of Roger the Old in favour of Saint-Hilaire.

989, June 1st: the acts of the Council of Charroux forbidding violence against churches, the poor, and unarmed clergy.

Eleventh century: a short genealogical history of the Carolingian dynasty.

1000, circa: the Fécamp Chronicle, a very early history of Normandy.

1001, circa: a charter of Bishop Rainald of Angers defending himself against an accusation of simony.

1002, circa: the will of Count Roger the Old of Carcassonne.

1002, September: a dispute settlement notice between the monks of Saint-Hilaire and Viscount Arnald of Carcassonne.

1026, circa: Adhemar of Chabannes’ Commemoratio abbatum Lemovicensium.

1058, May 23rd: a notice describing the coronation of King Philip I. 

1074, November 1st: the will of Bishop Hugh III of Nevers.

1096, circa: the Fragmentum historiae Andegavensis, a history of Anjou composed by Count Fulk le Réchin.

1096: a charter of Bishop Philip of Châlons restoring the advocacy of Saint-Basle to that abbey.

1091: a charter describing how Odo, lord of Péronne, restored land to the abbey at Compiègne.

1100, circa: a forged charter of Odo II of Blois-Chartres-Tours granting income to the abbey of Notre-Dame de Château-Thierry.

1187: a poem of Godfrey of Viterbo on the provenance and meaning of the Imperial Lance.

Late twelfth-century: an ordo for making a duke of Normandy.

1200, very approximately: an ordo for making a duke of Aquitaine.